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If you are using a Virtual Private Network ( VPN ) to allow your users to connect over a public network, enhancing the security becomes a concern since users gain access to sensitive digital assets. miniOrange can be of great value here by providing 2-factor Authentication on top of VPN Authentication. This secures the access to protected resources instead of relying on only the VPN username / password.
Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) is a client/server protocol that provides client authentication and authorization. It enables remote access servers to communicate with a server to authenticate users and authorize their access to the requested system or service.
RADIUS Client
The RADIUS client is typically a NAS ( Network Access Server ) which is responsible for passing user information to designated RADIUS servers, and then based on the response which is returned, authenticates or rejects login to the user.
RADIUS Server
RADIUS servers are responsible for receiving user connection requests, authenticating the user, and then returning all configuration information necessary for the client to authenticate the user. A RADIUS server can act as a proxy client to other RADIUS servers or other kinds of authentication servers.
Authentication Protocols
The RADIUS server checks that the information is correct using authentication schemes such as PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP, MS-CHAPv2, EAP, EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS and EAP-PEAP.
Security
Transactions between the client and RADIUS accounting server are authenticated through the use of a shared secret, which is never sent over the network.
Authentication Protocols and Password Compatibility
| Clear-text | NT hash(ntlm_auth) | MD5 hash | Salted MD5 hash | SHA1 hash | Salted SHA1 hash | Unix Crypt | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PAP | |||||||
| CHAP | |||||||
| Digest | |||||||
| MS-CHAP | |||||||
| PEAP | |||||||
| EAP-MSCHAPv2 | |||||||
| Cisco LEAP | |||||||
| EAP-GTC | |||||||
| EAP-MD5 | |||||||
| EAP-SIM | |||||||
| EAP-TLS |
miniOrange accomplishes this by acting as a RADIUS server, that accepts the username/password of the user entered as a RADIUS request, validates the user against the user store as Active Directory ( AD ), prompts him for the 2-factor authentication and either grants/revokes access based on the input by the user.
VPN Clients that support RADIUS Challenge.
In this case, there are two requests. The initial one is with the user's username/password that is validated against the credentials stored in Active Directory. After the first request sends a success response, a challenge request is sent to validate the 2-factor authentication of the user( for eg, in the case of OTP Over Email, an One Time Passcode is sent to the user's email ). The user validates the second factor after which he is granted access to the application.
Authentication methods that can be used:
RADIUS Clients that support this authentication type:
VPN Clients that do not support RADIUS Challenge.
Further down, there are two types of authentication in this:
1. The user enters the username + password and after validation, he is prompted for the 2-factor authentication code in the next screen.
2. The user is prompted for the 2-factor authentication in the initial login screen along with his username and password.
In both of the above cases, miniOrange accepts the request and validates the username/password first and then the 2-factor code entered by the user.
Authentication methods that can be used:
RADIUS Clients that support this authentication type:
1. Login to the admin dashboard.
2. Navigate to Apps >> Manage Apps in the left navigation bar.
3. Click on Configure Apps.
4. Go to Radius applications tab and select Radius Server app. Click on Add App button.
5. Enter the radius Client Name, Client IP and Shared Secret which you will need to configure in radius client as well.
6. Click on Save button.
1. Go to User Stores menu and click on Add User Store button.
2. Configure your LDAP settings.
3. Make sure to keep the below options enabled.
4. Click on Save.
5. After you save, click on Test Configuration to verify your LDAP settings
1. Go to Policies tab and click on App Authentication Policy.
2. Go to Add Policy tab and add policy for application added in step 1.
You can configure your radius client with details below:
Radius Server IP / Host : IP or domain name of server where you have installed miniOrange.
Server Port : 1812
Shared Secret : Configured in Step 1.
The configuration at the RADIUS client's side depends on the VPN Client. OpenVPN has been demonstrated as an example here.
1. Login to the OpenVPN admin dashboard.
2. Navigate to Authentication >> General in the left navigation bar. Select RADIUS and save the settings.
3. Navigate to Authentication >> RADIUS in the left navigation bar. Select PAP as
the RADIUS authentication method.
In the RADIUS Settings below, enter the Radius Server
IP / Host as the IP or domain name of server where you have installed miniOrange, Server
Port as 1812 and Shared Secret configured in the previous step.
4. Click on Save Settings.
This is how the actual VPN login with 2FA works.
1. Connect to OpenVPN by entering the hostname of the server.
2. Enter your AD username & password and click on Connect.
3. Now, you are prompted for the 2-factor authentication code. Enter the code and click on Continue.
4. After successful validation, you are connected.
The users enter their AD credentials to log in to Palo Alto, the Radius Client, and after the username/password validation, an One Time Passcode is sent to the user's mobile number. The user enters the One Time passcode received, which is validated by miniOrange to gain/deny access to the user.
The users enter their AD credentials and the 2FA code ( Software Token ) to log in to OpenVPN, the Radius Client, and after the username/password validation, are prompted for the 2-factor authentication. Post validation of 2nd factor, users are logged in to OpenVPN.
The users enter their AD credentials to log in to FortiNet, and after the username/password validation, an push notification is sent to the user's mobile, that he needs to accept to get logged in to AWS.
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